Alexander “Sandy” Calder, heir to a sculpting legacy, revolutionized modern art by infusing sculpture with color, movement, and whimsy. Using steel, he created mobiles—kinetic works ranging from earrings for Peggy Guggenheim to monumental installations at the National Gallery. He also produced stabiles and hybrids, blending motion with stability. From his playful miniature "Calder's Circus" to large public works like "Stegosaurus," Calder made sculpture dynamic and accessible. Art historian Nancy G. Heller highlights his life and creations, including works in Philadelphia’s new Calder Gardens. (World Art History Certificate elective, 1/2 credit)